Бараа бүртгэлээ нямбай байдлыг хангах явдал нь жижиглэн худалдааныханд тулгардаг хамгийн хүнд асуудлуудын нэг юм.
Админ алдаа, нөөцийн хөдөлгөөн, завсар гаргах, үлдээх зэрэг олон асуудлаас болж бараа бүртгэлд зөрүү гарах ба цаас бүртгэл тооцоон дээрх тоо мэдээ бодит байдлаас холддог.
Ийм ч учраас бараандаа тогтмол биет тооллого хийж байх нь хэр их чухал болохыг хэлээд өгнө. Ерөнхийдөө үүнийг хийх хоёр арга байдаг. Нэг нь бүрэн тооллогын арга бөгөөд жилд нэгээс хоёр удаа дэлгүүрийн барааг нэг бүрчлэн тоолох арга юм. Энэ нь найдвартай арга зам бөгөөд барааны тоо хэмжээг яс бариулж болно. Гэвч цаг зав, хүн хүч их шаардагдах бөгөөд дэлгүүрийн ажиллагааг хэсэг хугацаагаар зогсоох шаардлагатай болдог зэрэг сөрөг талуудтай. Үүнийг доороос харж болно:

Fortunately, there’s another way. Retailers who are looking to regularly count items without having to temporarily close their stores can implement cycle counting instead.

Мөчлөгт тооллого гэж юу вэ?

Явцын тооллого гэж үргэлжилсэн сууриар бараанд хэсэгчлэн тооллого хийж дэлгүүрийн байнгын үйл ажиллагааг тасалдуулалгүйгээр бэлэн нөөцөө тогтоож байх явдал юм. Cycle counting is the process of partially counting merchandise on a continuous basis so you can stay on top of stock levels without having to interrupt regular store operations. This task entails that you count just certain portions of inventory on a daily or weekly basis so you won’t have to do a full inventory count anymore.

In this post, we’ll talk about how you can effectively implement cycle counting in your store. Check out the steps and tips below.

Бараагаа хэзээ болон хэрхэн тоолох гэж байгаагаа тодорхойл

As we’ve mentioned earlier, cycle counting involves taking count of only small portions of inventory at a time. So the first thing you need to do is to plan out which items to count at a given period. Here are a few ways to go about this:

a. ABC Аргыг хэрэглэх

Most retail and inventory experts recommend using the ABC method to portion out which items to count. This entails dividing your products based on value, and then counting the most valuable items more frequently.

Хэрхэн ажилладаг нь энд байна:

Take the top 20% of your items in terms of cost or turnover and put them in Group A. Then, take the next 60% of products then put them in Group B. The remaining 20% will belong to Group C.

Next, decide on how often you’re going to count the items in the three groups. Products in Group A should be the most frequently counted, followed by Group B, then C. Cycle counting frequency will depend on your inventory and store, but you’ll want to complete multiple cycle counts per year to maintain inventory accuracy.

АВС арга хэрэглэн зүйлсийг бүлэглэх үед жижиглэн худалдаачдад юу тулгарч болохыг шуурхай хүснэгтээр харуулбал:

b. Сезонлог байдлыг тодорхойл

Another good factor to consider when cycle counting seasonality. If a particular category or product type is in season (e.g. plaid shirts in the fall), you should count them more often.

Жижиглэн худалдааны мэргэжилтэн Меттью Хадсоны бичсэнээр Тэнцэл, “there is no need to count long sleeve shirts in July. Count your shorts in July. The idea of cycle counting is to be able to respond before the season ends. In other words, fix the errors on products that are selling now. While it does make sense to cycle count for planning purposes for the Fall, the real benefit will come when you can respond immediately while the products selling opportunity is at its peak.”

c. Өөрийнхөө бодсоноор шийд (гэхдээ цэгтэйгээр)

Та өөрийн мөчлөг тооллогыг хэрхэн хийх дээр илүү чөлөөтэй байж болно.

For instance, you can portion and count items according to where they’re located on your sales floor or stock room. In this case, you’d probably want to create a map indicating where each section or shelf is located, then create a system where you’ll count items in shelves 1-3 on one day, then move on to 4-6 the next, and so on.

You can also cycle count according to the products’ department, supplier, type, or brand. It’s really up to you and what makes the most sense for your business.

But regardless of which method you choose, the key is to stay systematic and organized. Figure out a process that works for you, document it, put it on your calendar, then implement (and refine if necessary).

Тэрээр мөчлөгийн тооллогыг илүү үр дүнтэй гүйцэтгэхэд тустай багаж хэрэглэхэд тус болдог. Үзэг цаас ашиглахын орондбараа бүртгэлийн удирдлагын програм хангамж ажлаа дуусгахын тулд. Ингэж хийснээр та зөвхөн бүтээлч байгаад зогсохгүй бараа бүртгэлийн асуудлуудаа илүү хурдтай шийдэхэд туслана..

Бараа бүртгэл удирдлагын мэргэжилтэн Форрест Бурнсон, програм хангамжийн зөвлөгөө Software Advice, says, “The primary benefit of using software is it saves business owners a considerable amount of time from not having to manually enter in this information every time an item enters or leaves the warehouse/store. Furthermore, if a business owner is doing regular cycle counts of inventory with their software, and making a note of discrepancies, patterns can start to emerge if there is a problem, which can lead to a more thorough investigation.”

Өөрийн биет орон зайг зохион байгуулна уу

You may have a great system on paper, but if your products are all over the place, you won’t be able to implement the task successfully. Take some time to organize your store. Make it easy for yourself (or your staff) to physically see and count the merchandise. This means that items have to be in right shelves or containers. Take a look around your store or back room to ensure that products aren’t out of place and important areas, boxes, or fixtures are properly labeled.

Хүлээгдэж буй бараа бүртгэлийн гүйлгээ эсвэл ажил даалгавар байгаа бол гүйцээнэ үү

Мөчлөг тооллогын талаар нарийн тусгасан нийтлэлд, Ted Hurlbut of Hurlbut & Associates wrote that retailers must “close out any open inventory transactions” before cycle counting. According to him:

Тооллого хийхээс өмнө дутуу нөөцлөлт, илүү нөөцлөлт эсвэл эргэн нөөцлөлт хийх асуудал байгаа бол цэгцлэж дуусгаарай. Хүлээж авсан бүх худалдан авалтын захиалгууд, ирж буй шилжүүлэлтүүд зэргийг системд гүйцэд оруулж биетээр мөн гүйцэлдүүлсэн байх хэрэгтэй. Харилцагчийн гүйцэтгэгдсэн захиалгууд бүрэн нэхэмжлэгдэж, хаагдсан байх ёстой.

Тоолж эхлэх

Once you have your physical products and paperwork (or digital records) in order, start physically counting items according to the system you’ve determined in the previous steps. This part is pretty straightforward. When counting items, stay focused on the task, double check your numbers, and stick to your system.

If possible, have two people count the same merchandise independently, then have them compare counts to ensure accuracy.

Тооллогын дараагаар: Нягтлагаа , тохируулалт, болон арга хэмжээ ав

Once the counting is done, review your records and determine your next course of action. For example, if you notice any huge discrepancies, then you may want to dig deeper to find out why your numbers aren’t matching up. Do you need to be more organized? Should you be worried about theft? The only way to answer these questions is to do your stock-takes regularly, look at the numbers, and investigate accordingly.

Мөчлөгт тооллогын эерэг талуудыг олж тогтооно уу

While the primary purpose of cycle counting is to maintain inventory accuracy, there are a lot of other benefits that can come out of it. For one, it can help you run your store more efficiently. Since your staff is aware that you’re doing regular stock-takes, they’ll be more likely to stay on top of admin work, put items in their proper places, and be more organized overall.

Cycle counting can also help reduce theft. As Burnson puts it, “if employees know that the owner or manager does regular cycle counts and audits, they might be less likely to steal.”

Эцсийн зааварчилгаа: Мөчлөгт тооллогыг зуршилаа болгох хэрэгтэй

We hope this post helped you see the value of cycle counting and gave you some ideas on how you can implement it in your store.

If we had to leave you with one more thought, it’s this: the key to cycle counting success is to make it a habit. The benefits we talked about–inventory accuracy, store efficiency, and theft prevention–all that will only come if you cycle count regularly. Yes, the task can be repetitive, but stick to it anyway. Trust us, the time and money that it can save you are well worth it.

Таны ээлж